Yes. ChatGPT with search mode enabled queries the web in real time, much like Perplexity. That means recent, well-indexed content can be cited immediately, without depending on the training cycle. Plugins can also access specific data from partner platforms.
In practice, this raises the stakes for having well-indexed, up-to-date content. If you publish a relevant article today and it shows up on Google, ChatGPT with search enabled can cite it tomorrow. That is different from the base model, which only knows what was in its training data.
The recommendation is to make sure your site has an up-to-date sitemap, good loading speed and schema markup in place. These basic SEO actions amplify your chances of being found by ChatGPT's search and, consequently, cited in its answers.